{"id":7070,"date":"2024-09-18T13:37:00","date_gmt":"2024-09-18T10:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/?p=7070"},"modified":"2024-11-19T11:50:33","modified_gmt":"2024-11-19T09:50:33","slug":"cadru-juridic-pentru-energia-geotermala-tara-tara-vrem-o-lege","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/en\/cadru-juridic-pentru-energia-geotermala-tara-tara-vrem-o-lege\/","title":{"rendered":"Legal framework for geothermal energy. Country, country, we want a law"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>\u00cen istoria omenirii, \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birile tehnice au antrenat schimb\u0103ri \u00een bine pentru via\u021ba oamenilor. \u00cen actuala \u201erevolu\u021bie industrial\u0103 verde\u201d, energia geotermal\u0103 \u2013 ce transform\u0103 c\u0103ldura intern\u0103 a P\u0103m\u00e2ntului \u00een energie termic\u0103 \u0219i electricitate \u2013 poate oferi confort \u0219i energie cet\u0103\u021benilor \u0219i \u0219anse de dezvoltare business-urilor, f\u0103r\u0103 compromisuri de mediu. Exist\u0103 un \u201etotu\u0219i\u201d: totu\u0219i nu avem \u00een Rom\u00e2nia o lege, adic\u0103 un set de reguli \u00een baza c\u0103rora pot func\u021biona toate tipurile de sisteme geotermale.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">TEHNOLOGIILE TREBUIE S\u0102 FIE EGALE \u00ceN FA\u021aA LEGII<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Unul dintre principiile promovate \u00een Uniunea european\u0103 este cel de \u201eneutralitate tehnologic\u0103\u201d. Acesta presupune c\u0103, pentru tranzi\u021bia verde, sunt sprijinite c\u00e2t mai multe tehnologii, pentru a oferi posibilitatea tuturor produc\u0103torilor s\u0103 genereze energie curat\u0103, prin mijloacele specifice activit\u0103\u021bii lor. Astfel, sunt puse \u00een oper\u0103 numeroase tipuri de energie regenerabil\u0103, care \u00ee\u0219i demonstreaz\u0103 beneficiile, iar ultimul cuv\u00e2nt \u00eel au societatea \u0219i pia\u021ba, care vor selecta, organic, cele mai convenabile solu\u021bii. Dar, pentru implementarea tehnologiilor uneori este necesar ca legisla\u021bia s\u0103 se adapteze \u0219i s\u0103 se \u00eembog\u0103\u021beasc\u0103 pentru a cuprinde noi realit\u0103\u021bi tehnice. Tehnologiile pot s\u0103 existe efectiv doar prin legisla\u021bie corespunz\u0103toare, care s\u0103 permit\u0103 func\u021bionarea acestora \u00een condi\u021biile acceptate de societate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pentru cei nefamiliariza\u021bi cu necesitatea de a include tehnologiile energiei sub umbrela legislativ\u0103, amintim c\u0103 fiecare \u021bar\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i fixeaz\u0103 un cadru de reglementare propriu, care stabile\u0219te, spre exemplu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ce aprob\u0103ri sunt necesare;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Autorit\u0103\u021bile \u00een m\u0103sur\u0103 s\u0103 emit\u0103 avize de func\u021bionare;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00cencadrarea resursei exploatate, \u00een func\u021bie de care se calculeaz\u0103 inclusiv taxele, redeven\u021bele etc. pl\u0103tite c\u0103tre stat;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Durata de exploatare, modul de dezafectare, \u00een func\u021bie de tehnologie etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">E MOMENTUL S\u0102 \u0218TIM CU TO\u021aII MAI MULT DESPRE ENERGIE GEOTERMAL\u0102<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Federa\u021bia Patronal\u0103 Petrol \u0219i Gaze sus\u021bine dezvoltarea energiei geotermale, prin exploatarea \u00een sistemul cu bucl\u0103 \u00eenchis\u0103 (closed loop), deoarece aceasta poate oferi rom\u00e2nilor energie curat\u0103, fiabil\u0103, continu\u0103. Aceast\u0103 nou\u0103 tehnologie a fost subiectul \u0219i cele mai recente \u00eent\u00e2lniri informale \u00eentre jurnali\u0219tii specializa\u021bi \u00een energie \u0219i reprezenta\u021bii Federa\u021biei noastre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/CADRU-JURIDIC-PENTRU-ENERGIA-GEOTERMALA-geotermal-01.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7074\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/CADRU-JURIDIC-PENTRU-ENERGIA-GEOTERMALA-geotermal-01.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/CADRU-JURIDIC-PENTRU-ENERGIA-GEOTERMALA-geotermal-01-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/CADRU-JURIDIC-PENTRU-ENERGIA-GEOTERMALA-geotermal-01-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/CADRU-JURIDIC-PENTRU-ENERGIA-GEOTERMALA-geotermal-01-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fppg.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/CADRU-JURIDIC-PENTRU-ENERGIA-GEOTERMAL%C4%82-geotermal-01.jpg\" rel=\"prettyPhoto[gallery-jFoO]\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Exper\u021bi FPPG, au prezentat tehnologia propriu-zis\u0103, forajul de precizie utilizat (care poate fi realizat \u00een Rom\u00e2nia datorit\u0103 experien\u021bei din sectorul de petrol \u0219i gaze), impactul redus asupra mediului (amprenta la sol mic\u0103, risc inexistent de seismicitate indusa, lipsa de contact cu p\u00e2nza freatic\u0103). De asemenea, cei doi exper\u021bi au subliniat faptul c\u0103, spre deosebire de exploatarea clasic\u0103 a energiei geotermale, sistemul \u00een bucl\u0103 \u00eenchis\u0103 nu are nevoie de depozite subterane de ap\u0103 termal\u0103 (acvifere cu ap\u0103 fierbinte), deci poate produce energie oriunde deoarece se folose\u0219te de c\u0103ldura stratului de roci magmatice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cu aceast\u0103 ocazie, FPPG a adus \u00een aten\u021bia presei o bogat\u0103 resurs\u0103 de informa\u021bie,&nbsp;<strong>site-ul geotermal.fppg.ro,<\/strong>&nbsp;unde sunt puse la dispozi\u021bia celor interesa\u021bi materiale despre energia geotermal\u0103, sistemul closed loop (CLGS), proiectele din alte \u021b\u0103ri \u0219i utilizarea sa la nivel mondial \u0219i, sper\u0103m noi, na\u021bional.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Una dintre \u00eentreb\u0103rile care s-a repetat de-a lungul dialogului nostru a fost: \u201e\u0218i ce poate s\u0103 fac\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia pentru a avea aceast\u0103 tehnologie?\u201d. R\u0103spunsul este: \u00een primul r\u00e2nd, este necesar s\u0103 aduc\u0103 legisla\u021bia la zi. Astfel, cadrul legal pentru a ini\u021bia implementarea proiectelor de energie geotermal\u0103 cu sistem in bucla inchisa va impulsiona potentialii investitori.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">LEGEA EXIST\u0102, DOAR TREBUIE ADUS\u0102 LA ZI<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen prezent, explorarea \u0219i exploatarea resurselor minerale, inclusiv a energiei geotermale, este reglementat\u0103 de&nbsp;<strong>Legea Minelor nr. 85\/2003.<\/strong>&nbsp;Aceasta se refer\u0103 inclusiv la apele geotermale \u0219i gazele aferente, precum \u0219i apele minerale terapeutice \u0219i resturile minerale reziduale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-Este necesar ca legiuitorii s\u0103 decid\u0103&nbsp;<strong>dac\u0103 energia geotermal\u0103 se \u00eenscrie \u00een defini\u021bia \u201eresurselor minerale\u201d&nbsp;<\/strong>sau dac\u0103 ar trebui s\u0103 fie considerat\u0103&nbsp;<strong>o caracteristic\u0103 specific\u0103 a p\u0103m\u00e2ntului<\/strong>. Aceast\u0103 distinc\u021bie este fundamental\u0103 at\u00e2t pentru&nbsp;<strong>stabilirea regimului de proprietate<\/strong>, c\u00e2t \u0219i pentru&nbsp;<strong>stabilirea unui cadru de reglementare, autorizare \u0219i monitorizare<\/strong>&nbsp;adecvat\u0103 a opera\u021biunilor legate de captarea c\u0103ldurii geotermale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Orice nou\u0103 \u00eencercare de reglementare a defini\u021biei c\u0103ldurii geotermale va necesita elaborarea unor&nbsp;<strong>norme care s\u0103 se subsumeze defini\u021biei utilizate de Legea Minelor nr. 85\/2003<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-\u00cen plus, Agen\u021bia Na\u021bional\u0103 pentru Resurse Minerale (ANRM) este&nbsp;<strong>autoritatea cu experien\u021b\u0103 aprofundat\u0103<\/strong>&nbsp;\u00een reglementarea exploat\u0103rii energiei geotermale \u0219i, \u00een special, \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te reglementarea opera\u021biunilor de foraj subteran implicate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-\u00cen acela\u0219i timp,&nbsp;<strong>energia p\u0103m\u00e2ntului nu poate fi inclus\u0103 \u00een defini\u021bia petrolului sau a rezervelor de petrol<\/strong>. \u00cen plus, \u00een timp ce \u00een cazul \u021bi\u021beiului, resursa reglementat\u0103 poate fi m\u0103surat\u0103 \u00een termeni cantitativi, acest lucru nu este aplicabil c\u0103ldurii geotermale. Aceasta din urm\u0103 nu poate fi determinat\u0103 \u00een termeni cantitativi, deoarece aceast\u0103 resurs\u0103 nu este extras\u0103 din subteran, ci doar utilizat\u0103 ca sistem de recirculare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"869\" height=\"630\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/CADRU-JURIDIC-PENTRU-ENERGIA-GEOTERMALA-geotermal-02.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7073\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/CADRU-JURIDIC-PENTRU-ENERGIA-GEOTERMALA-geotermal-02.jpg 869w, https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/CADRU-JURIDIC-PENTRU-ENERGIA-GEOTERMALA-geotermal-02-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/CADRU-JURIDIC-PENTRU-ENERGIA-GEOTERMALA-geotermal-02-768x557.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 869px) 100vw, 869px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fppg.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/CADRU-JURIDIC-PENTRU-ENERGIA-GEOTERMAL%C4%82-geotermal-02.jpg\" rel=\"prettyPhoto[gallery-jFoO]\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ENERGIA GEOTERMAL\u0102 \u2013 SUBIECTUL MOMENTULUI \u00ceN EUROPA<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Este foarte important ca Rom\u00e2nia s\u0103 ac\u021bioneze acum, c\u00e2t mai cur\u00e2nd, pentru a prinde valul de opinie favorabil\u0103 energiei geotermale, ce se formeaz\u0103 \u00een UE \u00een prezent:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00cen 2024, Parlamentul European a votat \u00een favoarea Rezolu\u021biei 2023\/2111, care solicit\u0103&nbsp;<strong>stabilirea unei strategii europene privind energia geotermal\u0103<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pre\u0219edin\u021bia UE apar\u021bine Ungariei,&nbsp;<strong>o \u021bar\u0103 interesat\u0103 de energie geotermal\u0103<\/strong>, care va face probabil demersuri de sus\u021binere a acestei tehnologie.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00cen prezent, exist\u0103&nbsp;<strong>fonduri disponibile la nivelul UE<\/strong>&nbsp;pe care \u021bara noastr\u0103 le-ar putea absorbi pentru a exploata c\u0103ldura intern\u0103 a P\u0103m\u00e2ntului. Dac\u0103 rat\u0103m momentul, este posibil ca aceste fonduri s\u0103 nu mai fie disponibile.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"760\" height=\"1200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/CADRU-JURIDIC-PENTRU-ENERGIA-GEOTERMALA-geotermal-03.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7072\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/CADRU-JURIDIC-PENTRU-ENERGIA-GEOTERMALA-geotermal-03.jpg 760w, https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/CADRU-JURIDIC-PENTRU-ENERGIA-GEOTERMALA-geotermal-03-190x300.jpg 190w, https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/CADRU-JURIDIC-PENTRU-ENERGIA-GEOTERMALA-geotermal-03-649x1024.jpg 649w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fppg.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/CADRU-JURIDIC-PENTRU-ENERGIA-GEOTERMAL%C4%82-geotermal-03.jpg\" rel=\"prettyPhoto[gallery-jFoO]\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dincolo de ace\u0219ti factori externi, men\u021bion\u0103m c\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia, prin companii membre ale Federa\u021biei Patronale Petrol \u0219i Gaze, dar \u0219i al\u021bi juc\u0103tori din domeniul nostru de activitate, are&nbsp;<strong>capacitatea tehnic\u0103 \u0219i speciali\u0219tii<\/strong>&nbsp;care pot dezvolta tehnologiile de exploatare a energiei geotermale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Folclorul ne \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 c\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 \u201ebatem fierul c\u00e2t e cald\u201d, deci trebuie s\u0103 profit\u0103m de popularitatea \u00een cre\u0219tere a acestei tehnologii, de aten\u021bia \u0219i sus\u021binerea de care beneficiaz\u0103, pentru a crea \u00eenc\u0103 o surs\u0103 de energie curat\u0103 pentru \u021bara noastr\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tranzi\u021bia verde are nevoie de tehnologia potrivit\u0103 la momentul potrivit. Iar pentru sistemul geotermal \u00een bucl\u0103 \u00eenchis\u0103 momentul potrivit este acum!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>ENERGIE PENTRU TO\u021aI ROM\u00c2NII. INFORMA\u021aIE PENTRU TO\u021aI ROM\u00c2NII<\/strong> &#8211; &nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fppg.ro\/cadru-juridic-pentru-energia-geotermala-tara-tara-vrem-o-lege\/geotermal.fppg.ro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">geotermal.fppg.ro<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Throughout human history, technical improvements have brought about changes for the better in people's lives. In the current \u201egreen industrial revolution\u201d, geothermal energy - which converts the Earth's internal heat into thermal energy and electricity - can provide comfort and energy to citizens and...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7011,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33,30],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-7070","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-articole","8":"category-noutati"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7070","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7070"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7070\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7078,"href":"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7070\/revisions\/7078"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7011"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7070"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7070"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fpe.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7070"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}